Post-COVID-19 syndrome among healthcare workers in Jordan

Background: Post-COVID-19 syndrome covers a wide range of new, recurring or ongoing health conditions, which can occur in anyone who has recovered from COVID-19. The condition may affect multiple systems and organs. Aims: To evaluate the frequency and nature of persistent COVID-19 symptoms among healthcare providers in Jordan. Methods: Post-COVID-19 syndrome refers to symptoms extending beyond 4–12 weeks. We conducted a historical cohort study among 140 healthcare staff employed at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan. All of them had been infected with COVID-19 virus during March 2020 to February 2022. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results: Some 59.3% of the study population reported more than 1 persisting COVID-19 symptom, and among them 97.5%, 62.6% and 40.9% reported more than 1 COVID-19 symptom at 1–3, 3–6 and 6–12 months, respectively, after the acute phase of the infection. Post-COVID-19 syndrome was more prevalent among females than males (79.5% vs 20.5%) (P = 0.006). The most frequent reported symptom was fatigue. Females scored higher on the Fatigue Assessment Scale than males [23.26, standard deviation (SD) 8.00 vs 17.53, SD 5.40] (P < 0.001). No significant cognitive impairment was detected using the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales. Conclusion: More than half (59.3%) of the healthcare workers in our study reported post-COVID-19 syndrome. Further studies are needed to better understand the frequency and severity of the syndrome among different population groups.

IUGR And Preterm Labor Occurrence In Pregnant Women With Early Pregnancy Vaginal Bleeding And History Of COVID-19 Infection

Background Vaginal bleeding is a common complication that may occur at any time during pregnancy. Up to 22% of women asked at delivery reported that vaginal bleeding occurred at some time during pregnancy. Preterm delivery is the delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, which involves approximately 12% of all pregnancies. If vaginal bleeding happens during pregnancy, some adverse outcomes including mortality before and after birth, low birth weight and preterm delivery will be increased. Vaginal bleeding is associated with two-fold increased risk of preterm delivery. Methods This prospective cohort study included 60 cases of pregnant female with first or second trimester vaginal bleeding at Obstetrics& Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, of Damanhur Medical National Institute. The duration of the study was from April 2021 to April 2022. In the study 4 cases refused to complete the study and other 56 completed. Results There was significant decrease in birth weight and Apgar score with increase severity of vaginal bleeding. There was significant increase in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurrence and preterm labor with increase severity of vaginal bleeding. There was significant positive correlation between vaginal bleeding and IUGR and NICU admission. There was significant negative correlation between vaginal bleeding and Birth weight and APGAR score. Conclusion It seems that previous COVID-19 infection does not affect greatly pregnancy outcomes associated with vaginal bleeding. Vaginal bleeding was the main parameter affecting pregnancy outcomes.Copyright © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.

Social Medias, Zoom and Microsoft Teams: The New Technologies in French Language Classrooms in the Jordanian Context during the Covid-19

The Covid-19 has had a significant impact on teaching/learning processes around the world. As a result, education practitioners in Jordan and elsewhere have had to adapt quickly and switch to distance education: social media, including Facebook, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams. Social networks play an indispensable role in teaching/learning French as a Foreign Language, while providing a wide range of authentic materials. They make it easy for students to interact and provide the opportunity to discover online tools to develop their skills. Internet and all other forms of computer-mediated communication help learners to accelerate their acquisition, while being up-to-date and independent. However, as a result of our feedback from the field, it turned out that Zoom and Microsoft Teams play an important role in all kinds of interactions between teacher and students and between students themselves. These two applications allow a live interaction;as the classroom is virtual, participants will have the ability to exchange ideas in a synchronous manner. It is possible to create groups for each given course. In this article, we will try to highlight the positive aspects of using social networks, especially Facebook, to improve the skills of our learners in the French language department at the University of Petra. Then, the use of Zoom will be analyzed. Finally, and based on a theoretical and practical analysis of a group created in Microsoft Teams, the latter will be studied in order to show the positive aspects of any insertion of such an application in the Jordanian context. © 2022 DSR Publishers/ The University of Jordan.

Postmortem lung and heart examination of COVID-19 patients in a case series from Jordan.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic for more than 2 years. Autopsy examination is an invaluable tool to understand the pathogenesis of emerging infections and their consequent mortalities. The aim of the current study was to present the lung and heart pathological findings of COVID-19-positive autopsies performed in Jordan. METHODS: The study involved medicolegal cases, where the cause of death was unclear and autopsy examination was mandated by law. We included the clinical and pathologic findings of routine gross and microscopic examination of cases that were positive for COVID-19 at time of death. Testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was confirmed through molecular detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction, serologic testing for IgM and electron microscope examination of lung samples. RESULTS: Seventeen autopsies were included, with male predominance (76.5%), Jordanians (70.6%), and 50 years as the mean age at time of death. Nine out of 16 cases (56.3%) had co-morbidities, with one case lacking such data. Histologic examination of lung tissue revealed diffuse alveolar damage in 13/17 cases (76.5%), and pulmonary microthrombi in 8/17 cases (47.1%). Microscopic cardiac findings were scarcely detected. Two patients died as a direct result of acute cardiac disease with limited pulmonary findings. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in postmortem examination can be an incidental or contributory finding which highlights the value of autopsy examination to determine the exact cause of death in controversial cases.

Lung ultrasound to predict gas-exchange response to prone positioning in COVID-19 patients: A prospective study in pilot and confirmation cohorts.

PURPOSE: To examine whether lung ultrasound prior to prone positioning can predict the resulting gas-exchange response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective observational study on critically-ill COVID-19 patients with a pilot and confirmation cohort. Lung ultrasound examinations were performed before prone positioning and gas-exchange parameters were recorded before and after position change. RESULTS: A total of 79 patients, 36 in the pilot cohort and 43 in the confirmation cohort, were included. In the pilot cohort, a moderate correlation between pre-turn lung ultrasound score index (LUSI) and change in PaO2/FiO2 after prone positioning was found. These findings were corroborated and extended upon in the confirmation cohort. The confirmation cohort found that anterior LUSI had the strongest correlation with follow-up time-points 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after prone positioning, with strength of correlation gradually increasing up to 24 h. In a multivariate model anterior aeration loss (odds ratio 0.035; 95%CI 0.003-0.319 for anterior LUSI >50%) and higher pre-turn PaCO2 (odds ratio 0.479 95% CI 0.235-0.979) were negatively predictive of a PaO2/FiO2 increase ≥20 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior LUSI, in addition to other clinical parameters, may be used to aid COVID-19 respiratory strategy and a clinician's decision to prone.

Saudi Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Multiple Sclerosis: Symptom Management and Vaccination

This article deals with recommendations on the management of symptoms of MS and on the provision of vaccinations in patients receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Symptoms of MS, such as fatigue, depression, urinary symptoms, spasticity, impairment of gait, and sexual dysfunction, are common in this population. Recognizing and addressing these symptoms is key to maintaining the quality of life of people with MS. Vaccination status should be reviewed and updated prior to initiation of DMTs. In general, vaccination should be avoided for variable periods after the initiation of some DMTs. Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated and should be considered on a case-by-case basis. These consensus recommendations will present the best practices for vaccination in Saudi Arabia before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The recommendations will be updated periodically and as needed as new evidence becomes available.

Knowledge and practice toward basic life support among nurses working with SARS-CoV-2 patients in Jordanian hospitals

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess nurse’s knowledge and practice regarding basic life support (BLS) skills while working with SARS-CoV-2 patients in Jordanian hospitals. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 386 nurses with direct contact with SARS-CoV-2 patients at Jordanian hospitals. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used based on the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Findings: A total of 386 participants were recruited. The mean years of experience were 7.89 (SD = 5.97). About three quarters of participants revealed they deal with SARS-CoV-2 patients directly (n = 284, 73.6%). The total mean score of nurse’s knowledge was 4.44 (SD = 1.22), while the total mean score of practice was 8.44 (SD = 2.05). Independent t-test was used, which revealed a statistically significant difference between educational level and total score of nurse’s knowledge [t(386) = 0.215 and p = 0.001] and between training to deal with SARS-CoV-2 during BLS and total score of practice [t(386) = 2.66 and p = 0.008]. Pearson correlation discloses a positive correlation between the total score of knowledge and practice (r = 0.343 and p = 0.001). Research limitations/implications: In general, nurses revealed a moderate level of knowledge and practice of BLS skills. However, assessing nurse’s knowledge and practice during the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 plays a key role in identifying the gap in nurse’s knowledge and practice, and therefore, it will have an impact on providing high-quality BLS to save infected patients while providing maximum safety according to AHA guidelines. Originality/value: This study is the first study that examined the level of knowledge and practice of BLS skills during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Jordan. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: Multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling.

Although the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been evaluated in the literature, further research is needed, particularly on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological outcomes, is needed. This study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, and insomnia). A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted using the following instruments: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation model (SEM), multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) modeling, and differential item functioning (DIF) were performed to analyze the collected data. According to the results, participants with PTSD (n = 360) showed a higher level of depression, anxiety, and insomnia than those without PTSD (n = 639). Among the participants, 36.5% experienced moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and 32.6% had mild depressive symptoms. Moreover, 23.7% of participants experienced moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 33.1% had mild anxiety symptoms. In addition, 51.5% of participants experienced symptoms of insomnia. In conclusion, the PTSD caused by COVID-19 is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the level of latent constructs and observed variables.

Patients' experience and satisfaction using telemedicine for outpatient services in a Tertiary Cancer Center in Qatar during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

Background and Aim: The coronavirus-19 is an ongoing global pandemic resulting in millions of deaths worldwide. For a patient population at higher risk of infection, telemedicine is a promising means of providing safe and alternative care routes while minimizing their risk of exposure. This study gives insight into patients' experiences and satisfaction with telemedicine during this pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 297 patients (RR: 85%) at the National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Qatar. Data was collected through electronic medical records of the eligibe patient population, and phone calls were made whereby the physician read a standard introductory script followed by a survey questionnaire. We focused on patients' experience with telemedicine services amid the pandemic. This was done using a six-point Likert scoring system of seven questions that were scaled from 1 to 6. Results: More than 80% of patients somewhat to strongly agreed that telemedicine met their healthcare needs, improved their confidence in their healthcare system, and were generally satisfied with the quality of care provided. Nearly all patients (90%) understood their physicians' recommendations over the phone. In addition, more than half of the patients (89%) felt they could freely communicate their concerns. Patients also showed an inclination towards face-to-face consultations at 68%; however, 90% were willing to participate in future teleconsultations. Conclusion: Our study indicates an overall positive experience among patients towards the use of telemedicine. Telemedicine is a safe, futuristic approach toward patient care management and, thus, provides healthcare professionals a platform to implement further patient and physician education. Even though our data also showed that patients liked in-person visits to some degree, this needs to be looked into more in future studies.

SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING AND LONG-HAUL COVID-19: A CASE REPORT

SESSION TITLE: Uncommon Presentations and Complications of Chest Infections SESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Case Reports PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 10:15 am - 11:10 am INTRODUCTION: The correlation between long-haul Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and sleep disorders remains poorly understood. In this report, we present a case of newly diagnosed central sleep apnea (CSA) and symptoms starting after a COVID-19 infection as part of a long-haul COVID-19 presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 69-year-old male presented to a sleep medicine clinic for evaluation of hypersomnia. He had a history of hypertension and pulmonary embolism. He contracted COVID-19 eight months prior to his presentation. He was not hospitalized, but received Remdesivir and prednisone. He complained of long-haul COVID-19 symptoms since his infection which included headaches, fatigue, cough, dyspnea, anosmia, poor appetite, dysgeusia, and memory impairment. He also started noticing nocturnal apneic episodes that frightened him and woke him up from sleep. His symptoms started after his infection and were not present prior. He went to the emergency department for evaluation and no etiology was identified. He was then referred to sleep medicine for further evaluation. A home sleep apnea test was done and showed severe sleep apnea with an Apnea-Hypopnea Index of 35.7 events per hour. His sleep apnea was predominantly central with a central apnea index of 15.3 events per hour. Cardiac testing showed no evidence of ischemia or cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 52%. A CT angiogram showed no evidence of PE. Brain MRI showed no acute abnormalities. He was started on positive airway pressure therapy but could not tolerate it so he was sent for a phrenic nerve stimulator implantation. DISCUSSION: Long-term sequelae of COVID-19 infection have been increasingly recognized. However, the etiology and pathophysiology is poorly understood (1). Symptoms of long-haul COVID-19 include fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive manifestations, thrombosis and sleep disturbances (1). Sleep apnea was found in some studies to be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 illness and worse outcomes (2). The relationship between COVID-19 and sleep apnea in the post-viral syndrome remains unknown. Only few case reports have found obstructive sleep apnea as a new diagnosis and a possible cause of fatigue in post COVID-19 infection (3). There is no report of a relationship between CSA and COVID-19 in the literature. It is hypothesized that long-COVID can lead to brainstem dysfunction and dysautonomia, which can affect the ventilatory control mechanisms and lead to an unstable respiration (4–6). Our patient's nocturnal symptoms started after his infection as part of long-haul COVID-19. While we cannot determine if CSA was a result of COVID-19 infection or not, it is important to evaluate for sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in patients presenting with long-COVID symptoms to better understand the association. CONCLUSIONS: More research is need to better understand the correlation between SDB and long-haul COVID-19. Reference #1: 1. Mehandru S, Merad M. Pathological sequelae of long-haul COVID. Nat Immunol. 2022 Feb;23(2):194–202. 2. Miller MA, Cappuccio FP. A systematic review of COVID-19 and obstructive sleep apnoea. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2021 Feb;55:101382. Reference #2: 3. Koczulla AR, Stegemann A, Gloeckl R, Winterkamp S, Sczepanski B, Boeselt T, et al. Newly detected rapid eye movement associated sleep apnea after coronavirus disease 2019 as a possible cause for chronic fatigue: two case reports. J Med Case Reports. 2021 Dec;15(1):211. 4. Barizien N, Le Guen M, Russel S, Touche P, Huang F, Vallée A. Clinical characterization of dysautonomia in long COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep. 2021 Dec;11(1):14042. Reference #3: 5. Yong SJ. Persistent Brainstem Dysfunction in Long-COVID: A Hypothesis. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2021 Feb 17;12(4):573–80. 6. White DP. Pathogenesis of Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Dec;172(11):1363–70. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Amer Als ekh Mousa No relevant relationships by University of Arizona at Banne Institute No relevant relationships by Joyce Lee-Iannotti No relevant relationships by Anas Rihawi No relevant relationships by Amr Salem No relevant relationships by Mohanad Soliman No relevant relationships by Kristen Trimble

The Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Renal Function in Patients with Hemodialysis

Objective: This study aims to demonstrate the impact of "SARS-CoV-2" infection on renal function in patients who have undergone hemodialysis in the past. Methodology: Telomerase Reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction in Real Time (RT-Real time PCR) To verify "SARS CoV-2" infection, RT-PCR was used, moreover pre and post urea and creatinine tests were confirmed by COBAS INTEGRA 400 plus analyzer was automated qualitative assays rapidly detected Creatinine, urea, and diabetes Mellitus levels. Result(s): The mean of pre-creatinine levels was 7.3336. The post-creatinine levels (11.8276) significantly increased after "SARS-CoV-2" infection with a P-value of 0.001. The mean of pre-urea levels was 163.6724. The post-urea levels (213.706897) significantly increased after "SARS-CoV-2" infection with a P-value of 0.001. Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with pre-existing hemodialysis leads to increasing kidney dysfunction with or without comorbidities (diabetes mellitus and hypertension). Moreover, the old patients with pre-existing hemodialysis are found to be at higher risk of renal dysfunction during "SARS-CoV-2" infection than the younger groups. Copyright © 2022, Bahrain Medical Bulletin. All rights reserved.

Rasch Modeling and Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the Usability of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Several instruments are currently used to assess Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) -induced psychological distress, including the 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The IES-R is a self-administered scale used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study aimed to examine the construct validity of the IES-R, based on the Rasch model, with COVID-19-related data, as well as to test the multilevel construct validity of the IES-R within and among countries during the pandemic crisis. METHODS: A multi-country web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted utilizing the 22-item IES-R. A total of 1020 participants enrolled in our survey, of whom 999 were included in the analyses. Data were analyzed using Rasch modeling and multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA). RESULTS: The Rasch modeling results of the IES-R demonstrated that the IES-R is a satisfactory instrument with the five-point Likert scale, asserting that its 22 items are significant contributors to assessing PTSD as a unidimensional construct covered by the items of the IES-R. The MCFA confirmed that the 22-item IES-R, with its three factors, including intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal, demonstrates adequate construct validity at the within- and among-country levels. However, the results of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) model determined that the 16-item IES-R is better than the 22-item IES-R. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the 22-item IES-R is a reliable screening instrument for measuring PTSD related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and can be utilized to provide timely psychological health support, when needed, based on the screening results.

Attitude and Psychological Distress Toward COVID-19 and Vaccination During the Second Wave: A cross-Sectional Survey Among Jordanian Population

Background: Population attitude toward vaccination plays a crucial role in the success of health promotion against COVID-19, especially with the rapid spreading of the pandemic which severely affects the community. Besides, psychological distress seems to be a challenging issue leading to vaccination hesitancy. Purpose: This study aims at assessing attitudeand psychological distress toward vaccination among the Jordanian population. Materials and methods: An online survey using the convince sampling method was utilized among people who live in Jordan from the period of January to March 2021. Results: A total of 894 participants were recruited for this survey. The majority of the participants were female (n=640, 71.6%). Approximately two-thirds of the participants had a bachelor's degree (n=548, 61.3%). Generally, Jordanian participants had a positive attitude toward vaccination. Only (n=101, 11.3%) of participants reported that they fear death, followed by their fears of unavailability of the vaccines against COVID-19 (n=81, 9.1%), and their feelings that vaccination is just a conspiracy against them (n=58, 6.5%). Conclusion: To sum up, our study findings show a positive attitude and sufficient knowledge about COVID-19. However, many participants have a vaccination hesitancy due to medical reasons, not being persuaded to take the vaccine, and not being sure about the effectiveness of the vaccination. However, many participants take the Sinopharm vaccine due to the availability of this vaccine and they believe in the effectiveness of this vaccine. Vaccination hesitancy was strongly associated with psychological distress such as fear and worry about the effectiveness of vaccines.

Assessment of Depression Disorder among Recovered Nurses from Covid-19

Objectives: The present study aims to assess depression disorder among recovered nurses from COVID-19 in Babylon Governorate Hospitals and to find out the relationship between depression disorder and demographic characteristics, which include age, gender, marital status, type of family size, education level, and years of experience in a health setting. Methods: A descriptive correlation design used in the present research established that for a period from October 10th, 2021 to March 20th, 2022. The study used a probability (convenient) samples of 143 nurses who recovered from COVID-19 and were drawn from wards of educational and non-educational hospitals. The instruments of the research are adopted and modified for the purpose of this research. Results: The current study showed that less than three-quarters (102, or 71.3%) of those aged (19-29) years of age of age, and more than two-thirds (94, or 65.7%) were female. Regarding marital status, more than half of the sample of 81 (56.6%) were single, and concerning family size, less than two thirds of 89 (62.2%) were small less than six individuals. In relation to educational level, more than a fifth (58, or 40.6%) were diplomas in nursing. It also revealed that about two thirds (93, or 65%) had had (1-5) years of experience in a health setting. Conclusions: Moderate depressive disorder was more prevalent in recovered nurses from the age group (19-29), specifically females, and they had served in health institutions for 1-5 years. Recommendations: Researchers must invest more in studies to measure a larger population to generalize the results. The Department of Continuing Medical Education must provide psychological support for recovered nurses from COVID-19, especially female nurses. Increased efforts should be made to hold epidemiological training courses on how to deal with transmissible viruses, as well as to understand their dangers and modes of transmission.

Coronavirus disease 2019 detection using deep features learning

A Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic detection considers a critical and challenging task for the medical practitioner. The coronavirus disease spread so rapidly between people and infected more than one hundred and seventy million people worldwide. For this reason, it is necessary to detect infected people with coronavirus and take action to prevent virus spread. In this study, a COVID-19 classification methodology was adopted to detect infected people using computed tomography (CT) images. Deep learning was applied to recognize COVID-19 infected cases for different patients by employing deep features. This methodology can be beneficial for medical practitioners to diagnose infected patients. The results were based on a new data collection named BasrahDataset that includes different CT scan videos for Iraqi patients. The proposed system gave promised results with a 99% F1-score for detecting COVID-19. © 2022 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.

Determinants of e-learning adoption in higher education in Iraq an academics and students' perspective

E-learning allows the students to access, repeat and use the scientific materials wherever and whenever the users want. Both academics and learners are the leading and essential actors in the process of the learning process. Moreover, the acceptance of a technology is the positive react for users by using such technology. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, e-learning has become mandatory over the world, thus, there is a necessity to investigate the determinants of e-learning adoption in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Iraq. Consequently, this paper aims to investigate elearning adoption and identify the determinants of e-learning in HEIs. An instrument was developed with eight dimensions based on technology organization and environmental (TOE) elements. The sample selection was of 580 students and 130 university lecturers who spread over several colleges. A clustering sampling method was used in the sampling selection process. Some hypotheses were proposed and tested via the paired T-test tool. To evaluate the relationship between the TOE variables and e-learning adoption, a regression analysis was carried out. The study findings classified into two categories, first, it helps to determine to what extent e-learning be adopted. Second, it provides meaningful guidance for higher education institutions that should follow as a pre-requested before adopting e-learning. © 2022. All Rights Reserved.

The digital literacy in the 21st century

Without a doubt, one of the main characteristics of the past thirty years is the exponential development and use of the new technologies in our daily life. Henceforth, the digital technologies and Social Medias start to occupy an important place in the educative and social politics in the modern societies. The postmodernity is already affected by our traces that we leave during our navigation on the Web. Since then, new concepts came into existence. Digital Literacy, Digital Citizenship and ICTs, all these appellations, among others, have started to occupy the hardcore of researches of specialists who are trying to analyze in depth the role and the place of the new technologies in our daily life. The purpose of this article is, first of all, to define the Digital Literacy and its changing and unstable nature. Then, our key-question we will to discuss the implications and uses of new technologies in contemporary teaching / learning processes, especially in these conditions due of Covid-19. Finally, we will demonstrate the impact of Digital Literacy on Digital Citizenship. © 2021 DSR Publishers/The University of Jordan. All Rights Reserved.